KAVISH SANGHVI; APARNA S. SHARMA; SURBHI HOODA. A comparative review of modern large language model paradigms: GPT-4, BERT, Gemini, and DeepSeek. Computer Science and Information Technologies, [S. l.], v. 7, n. 3, p. 404–418, 2026. DOI: 10.11591/csit.v7i3.p404-418. Disponível em: https://csit.iaesprime.org/index.php/csit/article/view/303. Acesso em: 31 aug. 2026.